The DOT physical medical standards
What the exam checks, in plain English.
Vision
At least 20/40 in each eye and with both eyes, with or without correction; a field of vision of at least 70 degrees in each eye; and recognizing traffic signal colors. An alternative standard exists for some drivers with vision loss in one eye.
Hearing
Hear a forced whisper at no less than five feet in your better ear, with or without a hearing aid, or pass an audiometric test. FMCSA has a hearing exemption program.
Blood pressure
Examiners commonly follow FMCSA guidance: under 140/90 can qualify for up to two years; higher readings often mean a shorter card or time to get it under control.
Diabetes
Drivers with insulin-treated diabetes can be certified for up to one year with the MCSA-5870 form from their treating clinician.
Sleep apnea
No single federal rule. Examiners may ask for a sleep study if they see risk factors. Treated drivers often qualify; bring your compliance report.
Card length
Your examiner can certify you for up to 24 months, or for a shorter period if a condition needs monitoring.
General information, not medical advice. Your certified medical examiner decides whether you qualify and for how long. The exam also includes a urine test for health screening, which is separate from any DOT drug test.
- How to prepare for your DOT physicalWhat to bring, what to expect, and how to avoid a short card or a second visit.
- Blood pressure and the DOT physicalHow blood pressure can affect how long your medical card lasts.
- Diabetes and your CDLIncluding the rule that lets drivers who use insulin qualify.
- Vision and hearing standards for the DOT physicalWhat the eye and hearing tests check.
- Medications, marijuana and your CDLWhat to tell your examiner, and why marijuana is still off-limits.